Alaska-British Columbia: Inside Passage
Score: 64
"You can't help but return home from here with a sense of awe and renewed spirit." But the unique culture of the coastal towns can be lost in the hubbub of cruise ships, the reason this destination's rank dropped markedly from 2004. Insiders recommend trying local ferries.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"One of the places where nature still thrives. Landscape is simple, raw, and beautiful, and wildlife plentiful. Major disappointment comes from the towns that have transformed themselves to meet the glut of passengers disgorged from the enormous cruise ships."
"Sitka is the Inside Passage community one dreams about when thinking of Alaska. A gateway to waters teeming with whales, otters, and seals, and with eagles flying overhead. Ketchikan teems with jewelry stores, T-shirt shops, and other tacky souvenir shops."
"Tourism development is focused in the communities and employs local people, although many nonlocal guides are hired seasonally. Various co-management strategies are in place, and in some instances serve as models for other destinations."
"Still beautiful. Among the major issues here are the forestry practices of British Columbia's government, which denude large areas of the route, leaving unsightly gaps on the mountains."
Alberta-Montana-British Columbia: Waterton-Glacier "Crown of the Continent" Region
Score: 67
These adjoining national parks along the U.S.-Canada border feature "excellent" environmental practices, including public bus service and enlisting neighboring ranchers in conservation efforts. But park officials can't stop the "atrocious" development along the western approach nor the melting of glaciers due to global warming.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Level of conservation and protection of parks is excellent. Most development is concentrated in a few portals and is contained. Peripheral development is generally of good quality. Public transport in Glacier Park is excellent. Seasonal stress is significant but well managed. The tourism season is short, and wildlife is very well protected."
"Great open space and wonderful landscapes with integrated communities. Good collaboration along the U.S.-Canada border for management of the landscape."
"Area well-protected, although climate change is having an impact on the original raison d'etre of the park."
"Parks Canada and local efforts to manage tourism impacts in Waterton Lakes NP seem to be helping keep the area intact. The outlook for sustainability is good."
Arizona: Grand Canyon/Tusayan
Score: 66
"The Park Service does a commendable job" managing the heavy streams of tourists at one of the "wonders of the world."Auto and motor-home traffic can diminish the experience on the South Rim; the North Rim and the Colorado River corridor offer "a more natural experience."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"The National Park Service manages the South Rim to allow and withstand heavy visitation, but has to significantly alter the setting. It is also careful to manage less-visited areas on the North Rim and the river corridor for a more natural experience. Encourage NPS to continue offering that spectrum of experience."
"Aesthetics are outstanding, and buildings—both historic and modern—are designed using low-impact practices. But the ability to manage the crowds and vehicles is a continued challenge."
"The Grand Canyon is so overwhelming and awesome that you can look over the rim and ignore the crowds. The NPS does a heroic job, but the South Rim needs constant tending to buffer the footsteps of so many people looking for that great view. Innovative strategies to spread out the load are needed."
"An excellent visitors center has been built. Continuing to work on transport should be the priority, as well as funding for restoring the considerable structural legacy."
Arizona: Sonora Desert Region
Score: 63
This desert is "a world-class landscape," but "the march of gated communities," strip malls, and trailer parks is overtaking the region. The Arizona Sonora Desert Museum gets an enthusiastic rating from our panel. "It is critical to visit this vast region and understand why deserts are equally critical to the balance of nature on this planet."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Incredible heritage landscape with nature, culture, and deep traditional use, but very challenged by growth and sprawl. A strong conservation ethic needs to be nurtured, as well as cross-boundary partnerships."
"Visiting in February was fantastic; the desert was alive with birds. With the water shortages that are likely to get worse in the Southwest, development problems may well be kept at bay."
"On a recent visit we saw bald eagles, pack rats, wild mustangs, coyotes, roadrunners, and owls. Water is a problem and needs to be addressed. But the flora and fauna appear to be healthy."
"The Arizona Sonora Desert Museum is reason enough to visit the area. One of the best-designed museums anywhere focusing on the natural environment."
British Columbia: Kootenay/Yoho National Parks
Score: 81
On the western slope of the Canadian Rockies adjoining Banff, these two national parks are "essentially wilderness" with a "good, marked trail system" and outstanding "visitor management." "An awe-inspiring destination in summer."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"These parks have not dramatically changed in many years, and have generally maintained their environmental and socio-cultural integrity, and aesthetic appeal. While there are some challenging ecological issues (such as pine-beetle and fire management), Parks Canada seems to have things well under control."
"Essentially wilderness parks, although the main Trans-Canada Highway bisects Yoho. Very seasonal use, with mainly camping in parks. Gateway communities are away from park boundaries, and their development is less controlled (Revelstoke and Golden). Apart from a couple of small lodges, there is no significant development in either park."
"Low level of development and visitation make these parks relatively unspoiled."
California: Northern Coast (Marin County to Eureka)
Score: 72
Legendary for its wineries and scenic coast-line, this region also entices with "the calm and quiet of small towns, farms, and ranches." Despite suburban sprawl in Sonoma and Marin, "development appears to be within reason and consistent with the environment."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"The coast retains wonderful charm, aesthetic appeal, and integrity. Some sites, like Point Reyes National Seashore, Fort Ross, and the drive along the coastal highway, are incredible in both stewardship and tourism appeal. The issues are long-term sustainability in the face of higher fuel prices/fuel availability, cost of travel, and overcrowding at certain times in places like Mendocino. Eureka remains a bit of an eyesore, and there are signs of economic distress in some of the smaller communities."
"Does not have the population impact of southern California, and since the interstates are farther off the coast, there isn't the same visitor impact. Sonoma County is developing quickly, but the recession and California budget woes will slow that down significantly. There is a more heightened sense of respect for the environment in the northern California region."
"The coastal highway, although narrow and very winding in spots, is a marvelous drive."
California: Mid-Coast, Santa Barbara to Monterey
Score: 71
This "fascinating mix of wild coasts, mountains," wineries, and scenic towns has picked up 8 points since 2004 thanks to a "return to 'authenticity' and to good stewardship." Forest fires, traffic pressures, and the state's budget crisis loom as threats.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"The remoteness, and costliness, of this area help preserve it from excessive tourist onslaught. The major features of oceanfront and countryside remain in remarkably good condition. Preservation of city centers, especially Santa Barbara and Monterey, remains a high priority at local and state levels. Famous landmarks, like the missions, are in varying condition, dependent on local and private support that isn't always readily available."
"In danger of losing its identity as the Central Coast. This region has been spared the rampant growth of the Bay Area and southern California until recently. Still appealing, with tourism mostly well managed. Many local efforts have resulted in important conservation efforts for open space.
Huge fires have potentially transformed Big Sur. It's too early to see how this will turn out."
"Big Sur region remains intact. Development very limited. Large inland volume of car traffic, but region remains relatively good. Growing wine industry helps maintain a rich agricultural setting. Obviously, the main cities in the region suffer from some of the impact of high population and urban development. Nonetheless, the region is in good shape."
California: Yosemite Area
Score: 65
"Still unique and breathtakingly beautiful," which is a sign of good management since the area attracts big crowds. Though absolutely necessary, the rules regulating tourist visits "detract from the spirit of getting back to nature."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Big and beautiful and well-managed national park. However, it does lead to a certain sterility and loss of adventure knowing you have to book everywhere and plan so far in advance."
"Amazing physical phenomena with some challenges associated with overcrowding in summer."
"Go off-season and you won't be disappointed. Sad about the air pollution just south of Yosemite near San Jose, especially when haze drifts near Yosemite."
"Heavily visited park that needs smarter transportation and better outdoor ethics from visitors."
"Trails show wear and it is difficult to feel a wilderness experience without backpacking. The tent-city lodging in Yosemite Valley is a turnoff, as are the overcrowded snack bars. Interpretation by live rangers could be increased."
Colorado: Colorado Rockies
Score: 66
"In surprisingly good shape" despite "condo mania" and mining. "There are still so many pockets to explore and find solitude in." Ski-resort growth remains an issue.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"A vast area of the West that runs the gamut from high-quality environments, such as national parks and wilderness areas, to heavy development, mining, and other uses that create negative impacts. Nonetheless, remains a gem."
"Depends on where in the Rockies one ends up. The Front Range is crowded, as are the western slopes and ski areas. But there are so many pockets to explore and find solitude in. The biggest challenge for the Rockies is going to be the emerging pine-bark beetle infestations."
"The Rockies are well-appreciated by Coloradans, and the environmental quality is quite high. Great destination for hiking and skiing. Colorado has an enormous array of artisans, but high-quality arts and crafts are not well integrated into the tourism of the Rockies."
"Becoming too developed. A clash is looming between environmentalists and those with excessive amounts of money who wish to develop their own private playground. Compared to other areas of the country, controlled growth and managed tourism are exemplary. Water issues have been and continue to be a limitation."
Florida: Sanibel/Captiva
Score: 53
"Locals have fought to maintain the character of these islands—and have largely succeeded." Yet these Gulf Coast destinations now face destructive "red tides," agricultural runoff, and the continuing drumbeat of overdevelopment.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"A role model for heritage travel, urban planning, ecological sensitivity, and very 'old-fashioned' peace of mind. Collecting shells on the beaches of Sanibel and Captiva is a sacred human ritual."
"Shifting sand and natural forces meeting the developed environment has endangered this area. Agricultural runoff has encouraged algae blooms, such as the red tide. Attempts to recharge beaches with sand dredging kills off marine life. The primary dune areas and grasses have been damaged from beach foot traffic. Conservation efforts are evident, but need to be more intense. Hurricane season may again severely damage the islands."
"Should be a monument to zoning and preservation. Sanibel is just a millimeter from being overdeveloped. Locals have fought to maintain its character—and have largely succeeded."
"More attention must be paid to the drainage coming into the bay from sugar-industry runoff. If the marine habitat continues to degrade and red tides and fish mortality continue to rise, tourism on these islands will be seriously impacted."
Florida: Everglades and Big Cypress
Score: 48
"One of the best ecological destinations in North America"has become a long-running tragedy, with no end in sight. "Environmentalists are not able to hold the line against real estate and agriculture." The national and state parks remain "great."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Nice natural habitat of wildlife, particularly the crocodiles and alligators. In addition, the special boats that are used, although noisy for the birds, are ideal for skimming over the swamps without doing damage to plants like the saw grass. From all appearances the wardens are aware of the special character of the Everglades and mindful of the need to maintain its character."
"Given past farming and drainage practices, and insufficient economic resources to combat numerous problems, this vital resource area is likely to remain in crisis for the foreseeable future."
"Eerie environmental setting, which brings out a sense of ancient prehistoric worlds. A unique experience to be enjoyed by most, perhaps feared by others. Management program seems to be quite effective and properly administered; only risk seems to be the increase of visitors to delicate ecological sites."
"A disaster in the making. The water realignment is a bust, exotic species dominate, and one has to wonder if much can be done with sea-level rise."
"Draining many parts of the Everglades has severely affected the natural environment. Even current restoration efforts may not help; serves as an example of irreversible impacts."
The historic Art Deco District represents "a preservation success story, but South Beach is now suffering from success." Geared toward the "beautiful people and über rich," it is now becoming an ecological "disaster."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Beautiful people, beautiful buildings, and a beautiful beach. South Beach is suffering from success. It is a preservation success story, but has attracted so many of the beautiful people and the über rich that it is losing its appeal to ordinary people. It needs to tone down the excess and get back to basics."
"A cultural mecca. Highly commercialized, but not many seem to mind."
"A place that mushroomed. It is as artificial as fireworks. Tremendously impacted residents who can no longer sleep due to noise, can't park their cars, and some forced to move. Ecologically a disaster. The amount and quality of South Florida's water is a serious issue. While residents have water restrictions, the hotels don't. The amount of trash that tourism produces is also left behind, and its consequences, financial and environmental, are left for the residents."
"Tourists love it. And I dig the Latin beat. The beach is lovely too. Still, the whole place is a little bit sticky. It's as if someone poured Coke down the front of one of the hot-pants-clad Rollerbladers on Lincoln Road."
Our panel expressed great affection and great concern for Maui. Many "inland areas remain lovely," and some felt strongly that the road to "heavenly" Hana shouldn't be "improved." But the coast at its worst is all "golf-saturated, cookie-cutter resorts."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Inland areas remain lovely. Growth of enormous tourism resorts north of Honolulu is disturbing. Little effort has been made to enable them to blend with the landscape, and locals continue to be disenfranchised from their ancestral lands."
"I was particularly pleased with tourism away from the shore and ocean. Maui's upcountry agritourism (vineyards/winery, goat farm, lavender farm) is educational and authentic. A day hike into Haleakala volcano was uniquely exhilarating, and a stay in Wailuku to explore the county seat was historically and culturally stimulating. Ocean-based activities aboard small tour boats were disappointing and boring, but maybe it was the time of year."
"The island has maintained its beauty, but mass tourism and cruise tourism are undermining its overall attractiveness and accessibility. The main city of Lahaina has lost much of its unique character, though more remote areas remain aesthetically and environmentally attractive."
"It's the most Polynesian of the Hawaiian islands on one side—and golf-saturated, cookie-cutter-resort-filled tourist trap on the other. On no account should the road to Maui be 'improved.' You have to take your time getting the full measure of 63 hairpin turns and scores of waterfalls. That's why it's called 'the Highway to Heaven.'"
Hawaii: Island of Hawaii
Score: 61
The popular Big Island showcases "a great deal of natural beauty and cultural depth." Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park is singled out for particular kudos. On the coast, however, "nearly every place where the ocean is safe for swimming there is a hotel, and traffic can be a nightmare."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"A very varied place, from the wonderful coffee plantations of Kona to the five-star resorts of the Kohala coast, cowboy country in the north, and amazingly livable Waimea. And that's just the western half."
"The big island is both the best and worst of Hawaii tourism. For the seasoned traveler, finding local spots that are less well known or visited is still possible. For the superficial tourist, the variety of experiences is almost overwhelming."
"A bit overblown in all the hype about Hawaii. Certainly worth visiting. It is too hard to get to the volcano area. Better organization would help. Roads could be improved on most of the island (the Kona road is certainly adequate)."
"Hawai'i Volcanoes National Park is playing a leading role in the U.S. National Park Service by including spiritual and cultural considerations in park interpretation and management and giving a voice to indigenous peoples in these matters."
Kentucky: Bluegrass Country
Score: 66
The area's "fun little towns" and "beautiful rolling hills" surprise many first-time visitors. Highlights include horses, bourbon, and Southern charm. Also here: some of "the urban sprawl and fast-food sameness that you see everywhere in the U.S."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"A real surprise, and has much more to offer than I would have ever dreamed. Sweeping views of pastureland, long stretches of uninterrupted beauty along the highways, fun little towns, and lots of history. I recently spent a week in the Lexington area and found it to be much more cosmopolitan than expected. Boasts great restaurants, those typical big horse ranches set back from the highway and surrounded by pastures of bluegrass, resorts in the local mountains, and more. A real must-see."
"Legendary rolling hills are slowly giving way to modern developments that before long will make it another example of ordinary American exurbia. A land trust should be established soon and protection against uncontrolled development should be implemented."
"The land is lovely and the people tend to be hospitable and friendly. Great spot!"
"I can see Kentucky doing something with bourbon the way Scotland has played off scotch—or any wine region for that matter. Kentucky has charm, bourbon, and horses. What more does it need? Good marketing."
Maine: Coastal Area
Score: 72
Populations explode along the southern coast in summer. "The farther north you go, the better preserved the region." Overall, Maine's coast strikes "a good balance of tourist and local" interests. Prospects look good, with tourism run by many locals "who realize their future lies in preservation."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"The Maine coast, long a vacation destination, retains a high degree of scenic beauty and cultural integrity. The coastal towns and offshore islands are enchantingly laidback during the short summer season. The coastline is dotted with grand old resorts, charming B&Bs, and many rental homes. Tourism industry appears to be in the hands of locals. Some towns in southern Maine are overrun with too much traffic and tourism, and there has been an influx of wealthy outsiders, some of whom have ostentatious and out-of-character summer homes. More worrisome has been the growth of large-cruise tourism. The atmosphere and tranquillity of Portland and Bar Harbor are dramatically altered when ships arrive."
"A tale of two coasts really. South of Portland, you have the long stretches of sand and crowded beaches at York, Ogunquit, and Old Orchard. North of Portland, you have long inlets that jut out into the Atlantic like fingers on a hand. With these rugged shores overlooking lobster boats and land so vast, it's impossible not to feel lost in a Winslow Homer painting."
"Doing well—and actually seems on the verge of a renaissance, as locals realize their future lies in preservation."
"Dependent on the sea for its identity. Lobster traps line the backroads mid-coast. Each year it seems another lobster shack disappears. But the small towns seem to be thriving on a combination of tourism and community. We hit the local farmers market in Brunswick every year we go, and wild berries are still sold by the roadside. Reid State Park is still fairly untouched. Head out to the smaller towns on the midcoast and skip the big tourist centers like Bar Harbor."
Maryland-Virginia: Chesapeake Bay
Score: 42
Local historic sites are well preserved, but shopping centers and subdivisions obliterate local character. "The bay is dying as a natural ecosystem," and "large-scale factory farming is creating a huge stress." However, one panelist notes "Maryland's excellent agricultural protection program."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Truly a treasured landscape with a strong cultural and natural connection, but the development pushing out from the urban areas and the collapse of traditional fishing, oystering, and crabbing have made for huge challenges. It will indeed require all hands on deck."
"The bay is in serious trouble. Population impact and large-scale factory farming, especially chicken farms, are creating huge stress on the water and environs. Additionally, the waterman way of life is fast disappearing, losing a distinct culture and society that shaped the Bay."
"One of America's iconic landscapes, but the bay is dying, both as a natural ecosystem and as a cultural landscape. Almost all indicators of the Bay's health are negative. Is it any wonder, given the rampant sprawl, agricultural runoff, and booming population growth in the watershed? Maryland has done a relatively better job than Virginia, due to its aggressive land-preservation program and smart growth policies, but both are lacking."
"The lower Chesapeake Bay (e.g., Smith Island, Crisfield) seems able to maintain its cultural integrity, with a wise balance between development of tourism and preservation of local character."
Massachusetts: Berkshires
Score: 76
This area in western Massachusetts "seems to have the right balance"of picturesque towns, arts offerings, and well-protected natural beauty. Some complain it is becoming too "gentrified," with "boutiques pushing out the mom-and-pop establishments."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Important area for cultural tourism in a beautiful environmental setting, the Berkshires have long attracted upscale visitors. From the Gilded Age summer 'cottages' to quaint and aesthetically appealing small towns, historical and cultural museums, and summer musical performances, the Berkshires have continuing appeal for the economically well-situated and for many average middle-class families. Outdoor recreation activities, such as hiking in natural surroundings, add to the appeal."
"Still undiscovered enough, and with a tradition of slow-growth tourism to add cultural pizzazz to the lush scenery, the Berkshires seem to have the right balance. The landscape will need to come together around these values to maintain them for the long haul."
"A cultural hideaway. Still favored more by New Yorkers than Bostonians, but never feels overrun even in the height of summer and during the peak of foliage."
"Gentrification is one of the biggest threats. The area is stunning, but the demand for boutiques and Norman Rockwell experiences pushes out the mom-and-pop establishments. A balance must be maintained to preserve the area."
Massachusetts: Cape Cod
Score: 58
"Some parts are beautiful and well-managed," but more bike trails, conservation areas, and public transit are sorely needed to overcome the Cape's "car-intensive nature." Some towns are losing their character, and environmental quality has declined, but the area instills a loyalty in visitors, offering hopes for improvement.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Some parts are beautiful and well managed, but the car-intensive nature of the Cape diminishes the quality in many areas. More bike trails and public transit would help."
"The National Park Service seems to be doing a very good job balancing tourism with preservation of the dunes on the eastern end of Cape Cod."
"The 'authentic' Cape Cod cultural experience is being slowly worn away by the ubiquitous homogenization of the retail experience. Shoreline ecology remains intact and healthy."
"Best enjoyed spring and fall before summer crowds, which can be overwhelming, arrive—especially when trying to cross either of the two bridges. Popularity has led to too many gift shops and too much of the miniature-golf, go-cart sort of entertainment."
Mexico: "Riviera Maya," Caribbean Coast, Quintana Roo
Score: 44
"Beautiful beaches obscured by miles of hotels," which threaten freshwater resources, coral reefs, mangroves, and the relaxed atmosphere. It's still possible to find "authentic natural and cultural tourism."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Once a low-key, charming alternative to the generic mega-development in Cancún. Now all that has changed. From Cancún to Tulum the coast is just one gated resort after another. The two-lane coastal highway has been replaced with a 4-to-6-lane, billboard-lined expressway. Fast-food franchises have replaced the locally owned eateries. Playa del Carmen, once the charming heart of the region, is now filled with wet-T-shirt contests and bad Mexican food. The sea is still beautiful and the ruins, Tulum, and Coba are still worth a visit, but expect huge crowds."
"Major risks to environment, culture, landscape, and authenticity. Mexico has exceptional environmental regulations on the books; the problems are enforcement and corruption, which allow illegal or quasi-legal development. The area is fascinating and beautiful and could be saved, but depends largely on larger institutional cultural shifts (with regard to corruption) and enforcement of regulations and laws."
"Growing awareness, particularly south of Playa del Carmen, of the social and environmental consequences of "Cancunization." Cozumel has become the most frequently visited destination in the Caribbean for cruise ships, and reef deterioration has accelerated due to the overload of newbie snorkelers and inexperienced divers. Dive and snorkel operators and the cruise ships are working together to implement the Mesoamerican Reef standards."
"The overbuilt, phony, high-rise Maya architecture resorts, the 26 kilometers of wall-to-wall hotels in Cancún, the Wal-Marts and Home Depots, the crowds at the Maya site of Tulum, make this area more Disneyland than Mexico."
Mexico: Cabo San Lucas Region
Score: 37
Sleepy fishing villages have been transformed into places "where drinking tequila shots upside down is the number one tourist attraction and gated communities are the main economic activity."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"A tourism catastrophe. Total focus on money, lack of environmental attention, lack of local benefit except in menial jobs. Entire coast bought up by developers destroying turtle beaches and places that should remain natural and protected. Very little authentic local culture presented."
"Suffering under unregulated mega-development and all of the related environmental, cultural, and geographic impacts. This being said, the East Cape extending up to La Paz and the Pacific coastline up to Todos Santos are exceptional and relatively authentic and unspoiled. Due to the limited supply of water in these areas, it is likely to stay this way, although cheaper desalination could change this in the mid- to long-term."
"This can only really be seen as an extension of the United States, and not even its more admirable parts. Although not quite to the same level of Cancún, it's still terribly gringofied and bears little resemblance to the rest of the wonderful country."
"Cabo San Lucas and the Corridor are tourist playgrounds, but Cabo Pulmo around the bend on the Sea of Cortez is wonderful (if a little touristy)."
Michigan: Traverse City and Lakeshore
Score: 63
This charming town and nearby National Lakeshore is "a Midwestern secret of beaches, dunes, lighthouses, cherry orchards." But it must deal with summertime crowds and proliferating vacation homes and watercraft. Downtown Traverse City thrives with locally owned businesses.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"A coveted Midwestern secret of beaches, dunes, lighthouses, cherry orchards, and vineyards, especially along Leelanau Peninsula, which juts into Lake Michigan."
"Has the typical aesthetic appeal of a beach destination with two distinct scenarios: crowds and noise during summer, quiet off-season. The landscape in areas not spoiled by beach developments is gorgeous and little exploited for tourism and recreational purposes. The Ojibwa people (Ottawa and Chippewa Indians) have inhabited this area for a long time. However, their presence is only noticed through their own investments (casino, resort). In other words, I don't think that Ojibwa people are integrated in the development plans. Nor are tourists educated about this community when they visit Traverse City."
"In moderate trouble. Trash on the beaches has degraded the environment and high-speed personal-watercraft wake can be destructive. As people move up from Detroit to retire, they may be a boon or bane to the environment depending on whether they embrace a land ethic."
"Managed to maintain its cultural character, especially with the re-opening of the historic Opera House and the State Theater. A large number of local businesses still thrive in the historic downtown. The area has excellent recreational resources, with extensive trails along the shore and following abandoned rail lines."
New Mexico: Taos and the Enchanted Circle Tour
Score: 70
"The rich mixture of Anglo, Hispano, and Pueblo cultures gives authenticity that few places can rival." Yet there are rising concerns that the area "has lost a lot of its rustic character over the last decade." It's hoped that the new Northern Rio Grande National Heritage Area will help on that front.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Spectacular landscape and rich mixture of Anglo, Hispanic, and Pueblo cultures give authenticity that few places can rival. Very fragile, with swings between upscale development and small communities where the loss of just a couple of families may turn the tide on viability. Northern Rio Grande National Heritage Area is a start, but the whole ecosystem needs to be guarded."
"New development is not always sympathetic to the Native American heritage and new buildings around the main roads often look like cheesy knock-offs of the 'Santa Fe style.' I love this region, but it has lost a lot of its rustic character over the past decade."
"Very authentic place, with a diverse, strong, sometimes competing culture. Its cultural integrity is quite high, and the built heritage is fairly well protected and well presented. Fortunately, it does not seem to be interested in the growth of surrounding areas (e.g. Santa Fe)."
"I like that legalized gambling, part of the original Pueblo society, has been incorporated in a low-key way that seems to benefit the community."
New York: Long Island Shore (Hamptons to Montauk)
Score: 51
"Off-season, the Hamptons are heavenly." In season, "avoid at all costs" due to high prices and traffic. Environmental protection loses to water sports, fertilized lawns, and preserving "real-estate values and privacy."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"It's historic and 'old money.' During the summer high season, it can be impossible to get to because of the traffic on weekends—and can also be breathtakingly expensive. In the off-season, after Labor Day, it settles down and can be one of the best destinations for someone looking to get away from it all. The beaches are some of the best in the Northeast."
"Area has significant aesthetic appeal. Shopping developments seem to stretch farther eastward each year. This is much less so on the far eastern end of Long Island, but it's no less a threat. Significant tourism via vineyard tours, which are plentiful in these parts. Most vineyards are small, but it seems bus touring is becoming rather popular; out of character for the area."
"Remains barely protected in terms of environment and ecosystem because of the extraordinary local real estate market; zoning boards have not successfully protected valuable estuary and salt-water ecosystems. Nitrogen runoff from lawns is rampant. The area is promoted as a water-sports destination, with little regard for a sense of ecosystem. Too bad, because aesthetically the South Fork is lovely for sailing, surfing, bird watching, and quiet hikes."
North Carolina-Tennessee: Great Smoky Mountains
Score: 49
"A national treasure surrounded by a bathtub ring of ugly, unplanned development," especially in and around Pigeon Forge, Tennessee. Air pollution is a growing issue. "Between the crowds and the pollution, a mess."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"A national treasure surrounded by ugly, unplanned development. Gatlinburg, Tennessee, has done a good job of improving itself over the last decade by undergrounding utility wires, limiting the size of signs, and setting the standard in building design. The North Carolina side of the mountains is better, but here too one will find many billboards and tacky tourist crud."
"Heavily visited region of natural beauty that has been degraded by visual pollution. But the worst excesses of mass tourist development are apparent just outside the national park, in Pigeon Forge and Gatlinburg. Asheville, NC, is a town of much greater aesthetic appeal and has the notable attraction of the Gilded Era Biltmore Estate with gardens."
"Western NC is a wonderful place to visit, from the artists and craftspeople in the Asheville area to the adventure tourism of Nantahala Outdoor Center and the many white-water rivers and mountain-biking trails. However, the recession is hitting this place very hard. Air pollution is increasing and Duke Energy has tremendous influence in the region."
"Communities in need of encouragement, incentives, and plans to rehabilitate and maintain their historic character. Much of the development detracts from the area's appeal as a tourist destination and as a place to live."
Oregon-Washington: Columbia Gorge Region
Score: 77
"The U.S.A.'s Rhineland," not just for the wineries, but for "an incredible job of protecting the views and many towns with considerable charm." Great potential for "agritourism and geotourism." On the downside: major dams and highways.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Remains a beautiful and highly significant area to visit. River tours are seemingly in decline, and economic stress has hit some towns—shops and some restaurants have closed. The two states have done an incredible job of managing and protecting the resources and views, and many towns have considerable charm and appeal."
"Burgeoning wine industry is bringing a new kind of cultural and environmental awareness to the area that is certainly going to be a boon for tourism and for the area's prospects. Major issue to be negotiated is viability of the salmon habitat."
"This is a federally recognized scenic area. Benefits from some of the best land-preservation programs in the nation. The historic road that is the gateway to the region is one of the best-managed historic roads in the nation. Despite large numbers of visitors, the region still has pockets of authenticity, and the magnificent natural scenery is well protected."
"The U.S.A.'s Rhineland. While major highways along the Columbia River detract from its attractiveness, the 1915-era scenic drive is memorable, and the windsurfing capital of Hood River shows how tourism can positively alter a depressed lumber town."
Ontario-New York: Niagara Falls Area
Score: 54
"The first tourism destination in North America" has had development as an issue for 170 years. The water in the falls is cleaner now, but a legacy of "overwhelming kitsch"and "tackiness" prevails. Pluses: An "attractive" vineyard area and projects for landscape preservation.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"On the Canadian side, the area immediately surrounding the falls is an example of tourism happening with little to no planning. And further hotel development is planned. However, the greater Niagara region, including Niagara on the Lake, is a source of pride for locals, as it should be."
"The problem is the overwhelming kitsch that has to fight with the area's natural beauty. Developers want to build shopping malls and giant hotels. Even the wineries want to get bigger. Meanwhile, Niagara on the Lake is becoming a theme park—and no one realizes the majesty of the waters that surround them."
"Still a great destination for travelers who happen to be in western New York. To see the Falls in their full grandeur, it's best to travel over the Rainbow Bridge and see it from the Canadian side, or suit up in a raincoat and see the falls from the historic Maid of the Mist boats."
"One of the country's great clean-up stories. A far different place than it was a decade ago—for the better."
Quebec: Gaspé Peninsula
Score: 80
Jutting into the Gulf of St. Lawrence, the colorful Gaspé Peninsula offers "oceanfront, islands, and inland mountains" within "excellent parks and reserves," along with "authentic Francophone" villages. A big part of the area's appeal is "tourism development largely on a human scale."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Essentially a driving destination, with many natural sites and small villages on the circuit. Many of the most spectacular natural systems are protected in provincial and national parks. Tourism is seasonal, which has reduced the pressure to provide extensive tourism infrastructure. Much therefore remains authentic, particularly in the smaller villages."
"Not a destination on the tip of travelers' tongues—which certainly helps to control numbers and maintain integrity."
"Environmentally, the oceanfront, the islands, and the inland mountains are well managed and maintained. Aesthetic appeal is high, although rather gray and dreary in the off-season. Culturally, Quebec has done an excellent job of maintaining the Francophone culture, heritage, and language. But I would have to say that the knowledge of the locals was quite low."
Quebec: Laurentian Highlands
Score: 71
These green hills dotted with lakes and rivers are alive with recreational opportunities—skiing and golf, but also biking, hiking, kayaking, and exploring "many villages where a true sense of community still exists." Sprawl, however, is creeping north from Montreal.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"A very enjoyable forested landscape, with thousand of lakes and some great mountains. Great playground for Montrealers and outside tourists in winter or in summer, with spectacular sceneries in the fall."
"Tremendous raw beauty being slowly degraded by urban sprawl (creeping up from Montreal), over-built towns like St. Sauveur, and a lack of authenticity (many places and experiences are being given a kitschy makeover). Lakes and rivers are seriously threatened by green algae and general pollution."
"A good range of protected areas in national parks and fauna reserves. Overall very pleasing, except for the commercial developments associated with outlet stores, chain stores, and restaurants. Limited public open space around lakes, as some are owned by wealthy individuals."
"There's no feeling like driving into those greener-than-green Laurentians. There's been some gentrification of late, but the area still has its soul."
South Dakota: Mount Rushmore/Badlands
Score: 61
America at its most iconic, Mount Rushmore is unfortunately "crowded and touristy," while "the Badlands are well managed" by the National Park Service. Several panelists point out that "American Indian culture needs more respect and involvement in the economy."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Mt. Rushmore is largely an urban attraction in a natural setting. The giant parking lot, visitors center and amphitheater, and hardened trails and walkways have made the area sustainable, but as an urban attraction. The main attraction—the four presidents—is a modification of the environment, and although it is remarkable, one wonders if the 'heads,' which are continously exposed to natural forces, are truly sustainable."
"Although crowded and very 'touristy,' the Mt. Rushmore region does demonstrate some positive impacts on the local tourism economy. The nature of the landscape means that the majority of the region, which is not developable, remains intact for wildlife. The Badlands are well managed by the National Park Service; the trail hardening and the designated scenic overlooks restrict physical damage to a small area in the park. The experience is the grandeur of the landscape, most of which must be viewed from afar."
"American Indian culture needs more respect and involvement in the economy."
Texas: Hill Country
Score: 61
This region near San Antonio and Austin is "fairly intact ecologically" but lacks"true regional planning and conservation management."
Two panelists made a plea to establish a park to protect this distinctive landscape. "The state slogan is 'Don't Mess with Texas'—but this isn't applied to land developers."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"While it has no distinct cultural character, the Hill Country of Texas retains vast areas of natural beauty. Some towns, like Fredericksburg, display unique character and seem to be successfully maintaining it. It does appear that each town is looking for a gimmick that will bring in the groups. Not necessary. The environmental integrity of the area does seem to be at some risk, as large mansions have begun to fill the hillsides, breaking up the wild nature of the landscape."
"Texas's growth puts this on an 'endangered' list. The towns are holding up now, but relentless Austin and San Antonio growth will likely win the day."
"We need a Hill Country National Park. This iconic landscape is being subdivided, paved over. and sprawled upon. The state of Texas seems incapable of doing anything meaningful to protect this unique and threatened landscape. The state motto is 'Don't Mess With Texas,' but apparently this does not apply to the land developers or the billboard industry. The Hill Country needs help."
"The population growth in the Austin area is spilling over into the Hill Country and threatening its integrity. There needs to be a big push for conservation easements and other protections to prevent the development that is threatening the landscape. Tourism development is spotty at best. More quality hotels and restaurants that fit into but do not detract from the appeal are needed."
"This is a place where one actually comes home from a vacation without needing a vacation. The people are friendly, the landscapes are beautiful, and the traffic is manageable."
Utah: Arches/Canyonlands/Moab
Score: 65
Moab, center of the universe for mountain bikers, exhibits definite growing pains and commercialization, but the "wonderful" national parks are holding up very well.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Tourism started growing rapidly here around 15 years ago, growth that wasn't always well-planned or -managed. As it evolved, some of the tourism management has improved. Many locals benefit from tourism, but it hasn't always encouraged protection. There are increasing efforts to encourage responsible use."
"The popularity of the destination continues to surpass management capability. Managing agencies don't seem to have much control over what the public decides to do. We have to encourage responsible recreation or resources will suffer."
"Park officials have been innovative in modifying tourist behaviors, but the wear and tear on the parks is evident."
"Moab is a candidate for the ugliest town in the prettiest setting in the U.S."
"This area is being overloved in some places, but the special areas (national parks and forests) have been well managed. Oil and other energy development do threaten some of the special places."
"Increased use by motorized-vehicle enthusiasts have degraded large sections of land outside the area's national parks."
Vermont
Score: 78
"More than any American state, Vermont has worked to preserve those qualities that make it unique," such as scenic countryside, lively small towns, historic streetscapes, local businesses. A tourist magnet in summer, it nonetheless "never seems overrun by visitors." Scores well for "environmental- and social-sustainability practices."
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Vermont, more than any other American state, has worked to preserve those qualities and characteristics that make it unique. It is one of only four U.S. states that completely prohibit outdoor advertising (i.e. billboards). It has a very effective statewide land trust and the state-funded Affordable Housing and Land Conservation Trust that rehabilitates historic buildings, like old mills, for low-income housing, and purchases conservation easements on farmland and forests. It has limited the spread of big-box retailing and works to retain locally owned retail, such as village stores. If you want to see New England as you imagine it, go to Vermont."
"Many areas of Vermont continue to show leadership in environmental and social sustainability practices relative to much of the U.S. An important but sublime value has been added by the increasing application of Total Economic Valuation tools that measure social capital and natural capital, as well as market capital, at several scales in the state (driven by the University of Vermont's Gund Institute of Ecological Economics)."
Virginia: Williamsburg/Yorktown/Jamestown
Score: 68
"Well-managed" historical sites that evoke key moments in U.S. history, linked by the picturesque Colonial Parkway. But suburban sprawl encroaches.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Beautiful, with considerable historic character. The region has an excellent tourism infrastructure, and some areas are particularly well done: The recent work at Jamestown is superb, especially the archaeology and its interpretation; and the ongoing character of Williamsburg remains a key charm. The sustainability question is key—such as the expense of operating something like Colonial Williamsburg—and operational costs and government cuts to agencies such as the National Park Service (Yorktown) are a long-term concern."
"Williamsburg is a fascinating living museum. But its antiseptic quality belies the reality of life in the 18th century."
"The Colonial Williamsburg restored area and national parks at Yorktown and Jamestown are best experienced by the Colonial Parkway, which is still a pristine drive that links all three destinations and buffers them from the sprawl culture. Williamsburg has devolved into little more than an upscale suburban enclave. The growing residential population clings to a faux colonial aesthetic that is applied to homes, shops, and strip malls."
Virginia: Shenandoah Valley
Score: 62
"Another iconic landscape being nickel-and-dimed to death." The area is beautiful, relaxing, and rich in "locally grown products," but I-66 funnels inappropriate development from D.C.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Beautiful area with a strong local culture and heritage, but in danger of overexploitation and poorly planned development."
"This is another iconic landscape that is being slowly nickeled-and-dimed to death. The biggest problems in the valley: too many truck stops and distribution centers, the spread of tract housing out from the DC suburbs, and the slow disappearance of historic houses and agricultural buildings. There is a new Civil War Battlefields National Park, which has preserved some small battlefield sites. Lexington and Staunton have done a great job with downtown preservation, and there are other signs of hope, but the Shenandoah Valley cries out for strong regional planning, much more aggressive land-protection efforts, strict sign controls, and better development standards."
"The national park is well managed, but is an impossible model for the rest of the valley, which still has the feel of something unified, but that might be coming apart."
Wyoming-Montana-Idaho: Yellowstone/Grand Teton Region
Score: 71
These jewels of the U.S. National Park System are being well cared for. "Park management and concessioners have both adopted pretty advanced techniques for the conservation of the natural resources and wildlife." But snowmobiles in the park and sprawl in adjacent communities could spell trouble.
Here is a representative sampling of additional anonymous comments from the panelists. They are not necessarily the views of the National Geographic Society:
"Amazing opportunities to experience nature with great interpretation. Built environment in good condition, tourism development high. Very overused; not a place to visit in July and August. Good sense of stewardship among locals. National Park Service works hard to preserve resources."
"Great region to learn about geology, geography, and geosciences. Great place for geotourism activities, school fields trips, and adults. Offers wide range of accommodations and recreational activities. Locals look at tourism income as an important source of revenue—a strong incentive to conserve wildlife, such as wolves, for tourism purposes. Park areas are well maintained and controlled. Communities on the park's periphery do not seem to have good planning or design controls. Levels of crowding on park roads are excessive—particularly when wildlife near the road results in extensive traffic jams even in shoulder seasons. Excellent visitor management in walkable sites; good signage. In-park services are good and the designs are suitable for a national park."
"Plenty of wonderful places outside the parks (Yellowstone and Teton) to get away from crowds. There is still growth and sprawl, driving up the living costs for those who live and work in the region. The shoulder seasons can be wonderful. The current federal administration's environmental response will be helpful in wildlife management. In many areas, as in California, invasive plantlife will increase fire danger."
"Need to ban snowmobiles. Need to stop all prospecting in the national forests."